热应激诱导畜禽氧化应激、热休克反应与免疫和炎症反应的机制及营养调控措施

Mechanism and Nutritional Regulation of Oxidative Stress,Heat Shock Response,Immunity and Inflammation Induced by Heat Stress in Livestock and Poultry

热应激会引起畜禽机体代谢增强,从而引起活性氧(ROS)的过量产生而发生氧化应激;氧化应激可启动热休克反应,上调热休克蛋白(HSPs)的转录与表达;ROS和HSPs两者都可以激活核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)进而启动免疫和炎症反应。本文综述热应激引起畜禽氧化应激反应、热休克反应与免疫炎症反应的机制及三者之间的相互关系,并在此基础上总结一些营养调控缓解热应激的措施,以期认识这3种反应在畜禽热应激营养调控过程中的意义。

Increased metabolism of livestock and poultry under heat stress can cause excessive production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),which resulting in oxidative stress.Oxidative stress can induce heat shock response and up-regulate the transcription and expression of heat shock proteins(HSPs).Both ROS and HSPs can activate nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)and then initiate immune and inflammatory responses.This article mainly described the mechanisms of oxidative stress,heat shock response and immune inflammation induced by heat stress,summarized the relationship among them,and reviewed some nutritional strategies to heat stress.We attempt to reveal their significance in nutrients alleviating heat stress in livestock and poultry.