D-天冬氨酸对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标和营养物质表观消化率的影响

Effects of D-Aspartate on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indices and Nutrient Apparent Digestibilities in Weaned Piglets

本试验旨在研究D-天冬氨酸对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标、血清游离氨基酸含量和营养物质表观消化率的影响。选取45日龄体重为(10.74±0.25)kg的三元杂交(杜×长×大)断奶仔猪44头,随机分为4组,每组11个重复,每个重复1头猪,其中对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加50、500和5000 mg/kg D-天冬氨酸的试验饲粮。正试期为28 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,试验第14天,试验Ⅰ组断奶仔猪体重显著提高(P<0.05);添加50 mg/kg D-天冬氨酸显著提高断奶仔猪平均日增重和平均日采食量,且显著降低料重比(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,添加D-天冬氨酸对断奶仔猪脏器指数无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ和Ⅲ组的血清总蛋白(TP)含量显著提高(P<0.05),3个试验组血清白蛋白(ALB)含量和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性亦显著提高(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,试验组的血清异亮氨酸(Ile)、亮氨酸(Leu)、苯丙氨酸(Phe)和缬氨酸(Val)含量显著降低(P<0.05),但是赖氨酸(Lys)含量显著升高(P<0.05)。试验Ⅲ组血清天冬氨酸(Asp)含量显著高于其他3组(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ组的血清甘氨酸(Gly)和半胱氨酸(Cys)含量显著高于其他3组(P<0.05)。5)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组粗脂肪表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组的粗蛋白质、总能和粗纤维表观消化率最低。综上所述,在低蛋白质平衡饲粮中添加50 mg/kg的D-天冬氨酸可改善仔猪生长性能,促进营养物质吸收利用。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of D-aspartate on growth performance,serum biochemical indices,serum free amino acid contents and nutrient apparent digestibilities in weaned piglets.Forty-four healthy crossbreed weaned piglets(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire)weighing(10.74±0.25)kg and were randomly divided into 4 groups with 11 replicates per group and 1 pig per replicate at the age of 45 days.The control group was fed a basic diet.The test groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢwere fed the basic diet supplemented with 50,500 and 5000 mg/kg D-aspartate.The experiment lasted for 28 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the weight of weaned piglets on the 14th day in the test groupⅠwas significantly increased(P<0.05).Adding 50 mg/kg D-aspartate could significantly promote the average daily gain,average daily feed intake,and also significantly reduce the ratio of feed to gain(P<0.05).2)Compared with the control group,D-aspartate in the diet had no significant effect on the organ indexes(P>0.05).3)Compared with the control group,serum total protein(TP)content was significantly increased in the groupsⅡandⅢ(P<0.05).The content of serum albumin(ALB)and the activity of alkaline phosphatase(ALP)in three test groups were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),and they were increased with the level of D-aspartate increased.4)Compared with the control group,the serum isoleucine(Ile),leucine(Leu),phenylalanine(Phe)and valine(Val)contents in three test groups were significantly reduced(P<0.05),but the lysine(Lys)content was significantly increased(P<0.05).The serum Asp content in the groupⅢwas significantly higher than that in the other three groups(P<0.05),and the serum glycine(Gly)and cysteine(Cys)contents in the groupⅡwere significantly higher than those in the other three groups(P<0.05).5)Compared with the control group,the apparent digestibility of crude fat in the test groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢwas significantly increased(P<0.05).The test groupⅠhad the lowest apparent digestibility in crude protein,total energy and crude fiber.In summary,adding 50 mg/kg of D-aspartate to low-protein balanced diets can effectively improve piglet growth performance and promote nutrient absorption and utilization.