红三叶异黄酮对去卵巢大鼠生长性能、血清激素指标和子宫形态结构的影响

Effects of Red Clover Isoflavones on Growth Performance,Serum Hormone Parameters and Uterus Morphological Structure of Ovariectomized Rats

本试验旨在研究红三叶异黄酮对去卵巢大鼠生长性能、血清激素指标和子宫形态结构的影响。试验选用体重为(200±5)g、3月龄的无特定病原体(SPF)级雌性SD大鼠30只,适应1周后随机分为5组(每组6只),分别为假手术组(暴露卵巢并用镊子碰触卵巢表面后缝合创口)、对照组(切除卵巢)以及低、中和高剂量红三叶异黄酮组[切除卵巢并分别按体重灌胃10、30和100 mg/(kg·d)红三叶异黄酮]。用0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)溶液将红三叶异黄酮配制成所需浓度,每只灌胃4 mL/d;对照组和假手术组灌胃等量的0.5%CMC-Na溶液。试验期21 d。结果表明:1)低、中和高剂量红三叶异黄酮组大鼠的平均日采食量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),高剂量红三叶异黄酮组大鼠的平均日采食量显著高于假手术组(P<0.05)。对照组及低、中和高剂量红三叶异黄酮组大鼠的平均日增重均显著高于假手术组(P<0.05),低、中和高剂量红三叶异黄酮组大鼠的平均日增重显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组及低、中和高剂量红三叶异黄酮组大鼠的料重比均显著低于假手术组(P<0.05),低、中和高剂量红三叶异黄酮组大鼠的料重比均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2)假手术组和低剂量红三叶异黄酮组大鼠的血清雌二醇含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),高剂量红三叶异黄酮组大鼠的血清促卵泡激素含量显著高于假手术组(P<0.05),假手术组及低、中和高剂量红三叶异黄酮组大鼠的血清促黄体生成素含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。3)高剂量红三叶异黄酮组大鼠的血清生长激素含量显著高于对照组、假手术组和低剂量红三叶异黄酮组(P<0.05),低剂量红三叶异黄酮组大鼠的血清甲状腺素含量显著高于其余各组(P<0.05)。4)对照组及低、中和高剂量红三叶异黄酮组大鼠的血清钙和磷含量均显著低于假手术组(P<0.05)。5)形态学结果显示,红三叶异黄酮处理使大鼠子宫形态结构有不同程度地修复,其中,高剂量红三叶异黄酮组外膜结缔组织结构较正常,肌层腺体无明显增大,管壁较厚,管腔较小,内膜柱状上皮有所改变,修复较好。综上所述,红三叶异黄酮可改善去卵巢大鼠内源激素不平衡的状况,并通过影响血清生殖和生长相关激素含量和钙磷代谢促进大鼠生长。

This experiment aimed to study the effects of red clover isoflavones on growth performance,serum hormone parameters and uterus morphological structure of ovariectomized rats.After one week adaption,a total of 30 specific pathogen free(SPF)female SD rats(3-month-old)weighted about(200±5)g were randomly allocated to 5 groups with 6 rats in each group,and the groups were as follows:the sham-operated group(exposed the ovary and touched the surface of ovary with forceps,then sutured the wound),control group(ovariectomized),and low,medium and high-dose red clover isoflavones groups[ovariectomized and gavaged 10,30 and 100 mg/(kg·d)red clover isoflavones according to body weight,respectively].The red clover isoflavones were prepared to the required concentration used 0.5%sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC-Na),solution each rat gavaged 4 mL/d;the control group and sham-operated group gavaged equivalent 0.5%CMC-Na solution.The experiment lasted for 21 days.The results showed as follows:1)the average daily feed intake of rats of low,medium and high-dose red clover isoflavones groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the average daily feed intake of rats of high-dose red clover isoflavones group was significantly higher than that of the sham-operated group(P<0.05).The average daily gain of rats of control group and low,medium and high-dose red clover isoflavones groups was significantly higher than that of the sham-operated group(P<0.05),and the average daily gain of rats of low,medium and high-dose red clover isoflavones groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The feed to gain ratio of rats of control group and low,medium and high-dose red clover isoflavones groups was significantly lower than that of the sham-operated group(P<0.05),and the feed to gain ratio of rats of low,medium and high-dose red clover isoflavones groups was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).2)The serum estradiol content of rats of sham-operated group and low-dose red clover isoflavones group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),the serum follicle stimulating hormone content of rats of high-dose red clover isoflavones group was significantly higher than that of the sham-operated group(P<0.05),and the serum luteinizing hormone content of rats of sham-operated group and low,medium and high-dose red clover isoflavones groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).3)The serum growth hormone content of rats of high-dose red clover isoflavones group was significantly higher than that of the control group,sham-operated group and low-dose red clover isoflavones group(P<0.05),and the serum thyroxine content of rats of low-dose red clover isoflavones group was significantly higher than that of the other groups(P<0.05).4)The contents of calcium and phosphorus in serum of rats of control group and low,medium and high-dose red clover isoflavones groups were significantly lower than those of the sham-operated group(P<0.05).5)The morphological results showed that the red clover isoflavones could repair the uterine morphology of rats to different degrees.Among them,the high-dose red clover isoflavones group had a relatively normal adventitia connective tissue structure,no significant enlargement of muscle glands,thicker tube walls,smaller lumen,and the intimal columnar epithelium had changed.In conclusion,the red clover isoflavones can improve the imbalance of endogenous hormones in ovariectomized rats,and promote the rat growth by affecting the contents of reproduction and growth-related hormones in serum and the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus.