基于三维分析框架的突发公共卫生事件应对政策量化研究——以新冠肺炎疫情为例

Quantitative Study of Public Health Emergency Response Policies Based on a Three-Dimensional Analysis Framework——Taking The COVID-19 as an Example

[目的/意义]探究新冠肺炎疫情应对政策的特征与不足可为我国突发公共卫生事件应对政策制定及体系优化提供参考。[方法/过程]本文以2020年1月—8月中央政府发布的329份新冠肺炎疫情应对政策文本为研究对象,构建了政策三维分析框架,运用社会网络分析法、内容分析法、PMC指数模型等研究方法,分别探究了疫情应对政策的主体合作网络、内容与执行效力特征。[结果/结论]结果表明,政策主体维度,联合发布成为主要形式;在政策工具维度,3类政策工具占比需协调平衡;在政策效力维度,政策整体表现良好,但部分待评价政策时效较短,稳定性较低,前瞻性亟待加强。基于此,提出我国突发公共卫生事件应对政策的优化建议。

[Purpose/Significance]By exploring the characteristics and shortcomings of the COVID-19 response policies,it can provide reference for the formulation of public health emergency response policies and system optimization.[Method/Process]Taking the 329 COVID-19 response policies texts issued by the central government from January to August 2020 as the research object,a three-dimensional analysis framework was constructed.Using social network analysis methods,content analysis methods and PMC index model,the paper respectively explored the characteristics of policy-makers cooperation network,content and implementation effectiveness of the COVID-19 response policies.[Result/Conclusion]The study found that in the dimension of policy-makers,united issue of policies became the main form.In the dimension of policy instruments,the proportion of three kinds of policy instruments should be coordinated and balanced.In the dimension of policy effectiveness,the overall performance was good,but some of the policies that were evaluated had short timeliness and low stability,and their foresight needed to be strengthened urgently.Based on this,suggestions for optimizing public health emergency response policies were put forward.