海底地形起伏对浅海声传播的影响研究

Research on Acoustic Propagation Characteristics of Complex Sea Bottom Based on Finite Element Method

利用有限元方法,实现了对浅海海底起伏环境下的声场数值模拟。在验证有限元计算结果准确性的基础上,重点讨论了海底倾斜角度和海山对声传播特性的影响。仿真结果表明海底地形起伏对声传播损失的影响不可忽略,液态海底下当水平传播距离达到4 km时,倾斜角对声能量的影响可达30 dB;受海山影响,其后方声传播损失相比忽略海山条件下最大可达20 dB,且海山高度越高,声能量损失越严重。

In this paper,the finite element method is used to simulate the sound field in the shallow sea bottom undulating environment.On the basis of verifying the correctness of the finite element calculation results,the influence of seabed inclination angle and seamount on sound propagation characteristics is discussed.The simulation results show that the influence of seafloor topography fluctuation on acoustic propagation loss cannot be neglected.When the horizontal propagation distance reaches 4 km under liquid sea bottom,the influence of tilt angle on acoustic energy can reach 30 dB.When it is affected by seamount,its rear acoustic propagation loss ignores seamount.Under conditions,the maximum can reach 20 dB,and the higher the seamount height,the more serious the acoustic energy loss.