高铁站房屋盖层传感器布置及参数识别研究

Study on sensor layout and damage identification of building cover in high speed railway station

高速铁路站房屋盖一般跨度超大,形式多样,荷载复杂,是站房结构健康监测中需要重点关注的楼层。本文主要针对两种常用站房屋盖结构形式:拱型屋盖和桁架型屋盖,进行传感器优化布置研究,给出传感器优化布置准则或一般规律,并对这两类站房屋盖进行参数识别。本文拟采用有效独立法进行站房屋盖层的动力传感器布置,采用蒙特卡洛法进行站房屋盖层的静力传感器布置,分别给出高铁站房拱型屋盖和桁架型屋盖的动力传感器和静力传感器布置规律。系统模态参数识别是结构健康监测的重点,随机子空间法以线性的离散状态空间方程为基本模型,利用输入信号的统计特性完成结构模态参数的识别。本文在有效独立法计算得到的动力传感器布置位置布置动力传感器,采用随机子空间法进行结构参数识别,识别效果较好。

The high-speed railway station building covers generally have large span,various forms and complex loads,which are the floors that need to be paid attention to in the station building structural health monitoring. In this paper,two kinds of commonly used station roof structures: arch roof and truss roof are studied to optimize the layout of sensors. The criteria or general rules of sensor optimal layout are given,and the parameters of these two kinds of station roof are identified. In this paper,the effective independent method is used to arrange the dynamic sensors of the station building floor,and the Monte Carlo method is used for the static sensor layout of the station building. The dynamic sensor and static sensor layout rules of the arch roof and truss roof of the high-speed railway station building are given respectively. The identification of system modal parameters is the focus of structural health monitoring. The stochastic subspace method takes the linear discrete state space equation as the basic model,and uses the statistical characteristics of input signals to complete the identification of structural modal parameters. In this paper,the dynamic sensors are arranged in the position of the dynamic sensors calculated by the effective independent method,and the random subspace method is used to identify the structural parameters,which proves the effectiveness of the layout of the roof dynamic sensors.