高铁站房承轨层传感器布置及损伤识别研究

Study on sensor layout and damage identification of rail bearing layer in high speed railway station

承轨层是整个高铁站房结构中荷载最为复杂的部分——需要直接承受列车运行产生的荷载,是站房结构健康监测中需要重点关注的楼层之一。传感器配置的基本思想是用有限的传感器采集尽可能多线性无关的模态反应数据。本文拟采用有效独立法进行站房承轨层的动力传感器布置,采用蒙特卡洛法进行站承轨层的静力传感器布置,给出框架式承轨层的动力传感器和静力传感器布置规律。承轨层的损伤识别采用基于模型修正法的损伤识别,有限元模型修正是不断调整刚度参数进而更好地反映结构动静力特性的过程,实际上是优化问题。结构损伤识别作为一个反问题其解是非唯一的,本文三种方法均可有效缩小识别范围,结合现场巡视可达到工程意义上的损伤识别要求。

The track bearing layer is the most complex part of the whole station structure,which needs to bear the load generated by the train operation directly,and is one of the floors that should be paid attention to in the station building structure health monitoring. The basic idea of sensor configuration is to collect as many linearly independent modal response data as possible with limited sensors. In this paper,the effective independent method is used to arrange the dynamic sensors on the track bearing layer of the station building,and the Monte Carlo method is used to arrange the static sensors on the track bearing layer of the station. The damage identification of rail bearing layer is based on the model updating method. The finite element model updating is a process of continuously adjusting the stiffness parameters to better reflect the dynamic and static characteristics of the structure,which is actually an optimization problem. As an inverse problem,the solution of structural damage identification is not unique. The three methods in this paper can effectively reduce the scope of identification. Combined with field inspection,it can meet the requirements of damage identification in engineering sense.