唾液腺导管癌的诊疗研究进展

Diagnosis and treatment of salivary duct carcinoma

唾液腺导管癌(SDC)是发生于人体唾液腺的一种少见的侵袭性较强的上皮源性恶性肿瘤,最常发生于腮腺,常用的影像学检查方法包括超声、CT以及磁共振成像,也可以使用正电子发射型计算机断层显像判断肿瘤的位置以及远处转移,利用针吸细胞学检查也可以辅助诊断。SDC的治疗目前最常采用手术治疗加术后辅助放射和化学治疗,大多数患者同时接受颈部淋巴结清扫术,但术后辅助性放射和化学治疗的效果目前仍存在争议。对于SDC的靶向治疗是目前研究的热点,包括作用靶点为雄激素受体的雄激素阻断治疗以及作用于人表皮生长因子受体-2的以曲妥珠单抗为基础的治疗。SDC预后极差,但该疾病的不良预后因素还存在争议。本文就SDC的诊断、治疗以及预后相关研究进展作一综述,以促进该疾病的认识、诊断与治疗的发展。

Salivary duct carcinoma(SDC)is a rare and aggressive epithelial malignant tumor that occurs in human salivary glands,of which the parotid gland accounts for the largest proportion.The imaging examination of SDC includes ultrasound,CT,and magnetic resonance imaging.Positron emission tomography-computed tomography can also be used to determine tumor location and distant metastases.In addition,fine-needle aspiration cytology can be used in diagnosis.For the treatment of SDC,the most common method is surgery with postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Moreover,most patients undergo neck dissection.However,the effects of postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy remain unclear.At present,targeted therapies for SDC are considered as research hotspots,including androgen deprivation therapy targeting androgen receptor and Trastuzumab-based treatment targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor-2.Meanwhile,SDC has a poor prognosis.However,the determination of the adverse prognostic factors of the disease remains controversial.This article will review the research advances in the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of SDC to improve understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.