基于范畴化理论的对外汉语词汇教学探析--以《发展汉语》初级综合Ⅰ词汇教学为例

An Analysis of Vocabulary Teaching in Teaching Chinese as a Second Language Based on Categorization Theory--Taking Vocabulary Teaching of Developing Chinese Ⅰ as a Case

词汇是语言三大最基本要素之一,与另外两个要素相比,尤为重要。在对外汉语教学中,须不断探索词汇教学理论和方法。范畴化理论作为认知语言学的基石,为词汇教学提供了新的视角。可以从不同角度把纷繁的词汇进行分类归纳成各种范畴,以便使词汇教和学系统化、层次化、网络化,提高词汇教和学的效率。本文梳理借鉴学界关于范畴化理论及应用于二语词汇教学的研究成果,结合一本常用初级对外汉语教材的词汇教学实践,进一步拓展探究范畴化理论及在对外汉语词汇教学中的应用,如范畴化结构层次理论、原型范畴理论、语用范畴理论、近义范畴、相同词素范畴、相同词性范畴、话题范畴等在对外汉语词汇教学中的应用。

Vocabulary is one of the three most basic elements of language, especially important. In International Chinese teaching, vocabulary teaching theory and method should be explored constantly. As the cornerstone of cognitive linguistics, categorization theory provides a new perspective for vocabulary teaching. In order to make vocabulary teaching and learning more systematic, hierarchical and networked, and to improve the efficiency of vocabulary teaching and learning, we can classify various words into various categories from different angles. Based on the research results of categorization theory and its application in l2 vocabulary teaching, this paper further explores the categorization theory and its application in TCFL vocabulary teaching, such as the theory of categorization structure level, prototype category, pragmatic category, near-meaning category, the same morpheme category, the same part of speech category, topic category and so on in TCFL vocabulary teaching application.