弹道修正弹技术发展综述

Review on Development of Technology of Trajectory Correction Projectile

炮弹在发射和飞行的过程中,受各种随机误差的影响,造成射弹散布。设法减小或控制随机误差影响、改善炮弹地面密集度,始终是常规弹箭技术研究的方向。近年来研究者另辟蹊径,发展和研究了弹道修正理论与技术,即通过对一段实测飞行弹道参数的在线误差影响辨识,后续弹道预报,并通过弹上简易机构进行弹道修正调节,实现低成本下大幅度改善炮弹地面密集度。该文综合近年来国内外部分文献资料报道,结合多年的研究经验,对弹道修正弹技术的特点、难点及其工程应用中存在的射程扩展量等作一介绍,对未来的技术发展作一展望,以期为从事这方面研究的人员提供参考。

During the launching and flying process of artillery projectiles,there exists a variety of random errors,inevitably leading to range and lateral dispersions.It is of interest for researchers who focus on unguided projectile technology to reduce or control the influence of random errors,and as a result,improve projectiles’dispersion performance.In recent years,the development of the theory and technology for trajectory correction projectiles offers an alternative way to greatly reduce the range and lateral dispersions of projectiles through identifying the effects of random errors via a measured segment of trajectory,predicting the consequent trajectory,and performing trajectory correction using simple on-board mechanisms.In this paper,the characteristics,difficulties and specific problems in practical engineering for the trajectory correction projectiles were introduced in detail by reviewing a number of current research literatures and combining our many years of research experience and results.Moreover,through looking into the future prospects of the technology of trajectory correction projectiles,it is expected to provide useful reference for the researchers engaged in this technology.