高校创新创业教育“四元协同”机制:理论模型与实践探索

The “Quartet Cooperation” Mechanism of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in Colleges and Universities:Theoretical Model and Practical Exploration

深化以协同育人新机制为核心的创新创业教育改革对高校人才培养至关重要。基于协同学理论,高校创新创业"四元协同"机制包括高校、政府、企业、创业园四要素,其协同育人结构是一个以高校为中心,囊括政府、企业、创业园多元协同主体的行动者网络。四元协同系统的良性运作,将助推高校创新创业教育系统在演化中从无序走向有序。基于对国内部分高校创新创业协同模式与成果的实例分析,未来要通过构建创新创业教育机构及成果评价与激励制度,建设校企创新创业教育课程体系,高校协同企业、创业园、政府进行制度创新与创业,以及寻求四元主体的利益平衡发展点等路径优化"四元协同"机制。

Deepening the reform of innovation and entrepreneurship education with the new mechanism of collaborative education as the core is of great importance to the cultivation of talents in colleges and universities.Based on the synergetic theory,the"quartet cooperation"mechanism of innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities is comprised of four main bodies:colleges and universities,governments,enterprises and entrepreneurial parks.Its collaborative education structure is an actor network which takes colleges and universities as the center and includes multiple cooperative subjects of government,enterprises and entrepreneurial parks.The virtuous operation of the quartet cooperation mechanism will promote the evolution of the innovation and entrepreneurship education system in colleges and universities from disordered state to logical order.By referring to the case analysis of the collaborative models and achievements of innovation and entrepreneurship education in several domestic colleges and universities,the quartet cooperation mechanism can be optimized in the following ways:(1)constructing innovation and entrepreneurship education institutions and achievement evaluation and incentive systems,(2)establishing curriculum system of school-enterprise innovation and entrepreneurship education,(3)carrying out system innovation and entrepreneurship through the cooperation between colleges,universities,governments,enterprises and entrepreneurial parks,and(4)seeking the balanced development of interest among four main bodies.