重大疫情救援中的跨文化医患沟通障碍及策略

Intercultural Doctor-patient Communication Barriers and Strategies in Major Pandemic Rescues

在重大疫情期间,各国通常会派遣医疗救援队支援国内或国外重点疫区的疫情防治工作。而医患沟通是形成良好医患关系、有效推进疫情防治的重要环节,直接关系救援成效。医疗救援人员与当地患者在语言、非语言沟通方式、文化观念和习俗等方面存在不同程度的差异。因此,他们之间的沟通实质上是一种跨文化的医患沟通,受到语言和社会文化因素的制约,容易出现沟通障碍。本文从跨文化交际的理论视角分析重大疫情中的医疗救援人员与当地患者在沟通中的主要障碍,并提出跨文化医患沟通中的语言沟通策略、非语言行为策略和跨文化策略,为重大疫情期间医疗救援人员与当地患者顺畅沟通、顺利完成疫情防治工作提供策略支撑。

During the prevalence of a major pandemic,countries usually send medical rescue teams to support the prevention and control of the pandemic in the areas spreading unchecked at home and abroad.Doctor-patient communication,an important link to form a good doctor-patient relationship,can effectively promote the prevention and treatment of the pandemic,and will directly affect the rescue results as well.Medical workers differ from local patients in terms of verbal communication,nonverbal communication,cultural values and customs.Therefore,doctor-patient communication is intercultural communication,which is restricted by language and cultural factors,and is prone to communication barriers.We analyze from the perspective of intercultural communication the main barriers in the communication between the medical workers and local patients in the prevalence of a pandemic,and put forward verbal communication strategies,nonverbal behavior strategies,and intercultural strategies in order to provide tactical support for unhampered communication between medical workers and local patients and smooth completion of pandemic prevention and control.