摘要
为探讨玉米与大豆不同间作模式对作物产量、水分利用率及种间竞争等方面的影响。采用田间试验,设置4∶2(4垄玉米、2垄大豆),3∶2(3垄玉米、2垄大豆),2∶1(2垄玉米、1垄大豆)3种玉米与大豆间作模式,以及玉米单作、大豆单作共5个处理。经过1年试验,结果表明:相对于单作处理,间作系统中玉米在产量、土地当量比、水分利用率等方面均具有显著优势。间作处理的土地当量比(LER)均>1,其中4∶2模式土地当量比高于3∶2模式和2∶1模式。玉米与大豆间作系统中,玉米相对大豆的竞争力(A_(cs))均>0,表明玉米竞争力强于大豆,顺序为4∶2>2∶1>3∶2。在作物耗水等方面,间作玉米耗水量均高于单作,间作大豆耗水量均低于单作,间作玉米水分利用率均高于单作。间作模式能显著增加间作玉米的子粒产量,间作玉米产量比单作产量平均提高15.7%;间作大豆产量比单作产量降低20.3%,其中4∶2处理组在产量表现等方面最优。这说明,玉米与大豆间作具有明显的土地优势和产量优势,其中4∶2模式为最佳间作模式。
The paper mainly illuminated the effects of different corn and soybean intercropping modes on crop yield, water utilization rate and interspecies competition. Five intercropping treatments were designed, which were 4∶2(four rows of corn, two rows of soybean), 3∶2(three rows of corn, two rows of soybean), 2∶1(two rows of corn, one row of soybean), mono-cropping corn and mono-cropping soybean. Experimental results show that compared with mono-cropping, corn and soybean intercropping has significant advantages in yield, land equivalent ratio and water use efficiency of corn. The land equivalent ratio(LER) of intercropping system is greater than 1. The 4∶2 land equivalent ratio is above 3∶2, 2∶1. The competitiveness of corn with soybean is greater than 0. Their order is 4∶2>2∶1>3∶2. In terms of crop water consumption, water consumption and water use efficiency of intercropping corn during the whole growth period are higher than those of mono-cropping corn. Water consumption of intercropping soybean is lower than that of mono-cropping soybean, and water use efficiency of intercropping corn is higher than that of mono-cropping corn. Intercropping can significantly increase grain yield of corn. Compared with mono-cropping, intercropping corn yield is increased by an average of 15.7%, and intercropping soybean yield is decreased by 20.3%. Among them, 4∶2 treatment group is the best in terms of yield performance. The results show that corn and soybean intercropping has obvious land and yield advantages, and 4∶2 mode is the best.
作者
王俊
隋标
王鸿斌
赵兴敏
赵兰坡
WANG Jun;SUI Biao;WANG Hongbin;ZHAO Xingmin;ZHAO Lanpo(College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)
出处
《吉林农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期22-27,共6页
Journal of Jilin Agricultural University
基金
吉林省科技发展计划项目(20130204050SF)。
关键词
玉米
大豆
间作
单作
产量
水分利用率
吉林省
corn
soybean
intercropping
simple-cropping
yield
water use efficiency
Jilin province