产香真菌GS-1挥发性物质特征分析及抑菌作用观察

Characteristic Analysis and Fumigation Fungistasis Observation of Volatile Organic Compounds from Aroma-producing Fungus GS-1 Strain

产香真菌GS-1为分离自构树枯枝的一株丛赤壳Nectria cinnabarina,该菌株产生浓郁的香味,其挥发性物质对多种重要植物病原菌均有明显的熏蒸抑制作用。为明确菌株GS-1挥发性物质对植物病原菌的熏蒸抑菌机制、挥发性物质化学组分及菌株生长过程中的挥发性物质释放量的动态规律,利用扫描和透射电镜观察GS-1菌株挥发性物质对灰葡萄孢菌丝和细胞结构的影响,通过HS-SPME法萃取产香真菌GS-1挥发性物质,并通过GC-MS进行挥发性物质释放时间规律的测定和组分鉴定。结果表明,菌株GS-1挥发性物质处理后,灰葡萄孢菌丝出现皱缩、畸形、顶端尖细等现象,同时细胞质含量减少且空腔增多。菌株GS-1挥发性物质释放量随培养时间的延长总体呈先升高后略降低逐渐趋于平稳的趋势,在第12 d达到最大峰值。从菌株GS-1挥发性物质中分离到34个化学组分,鉴定了其中18个组分,主要组分为[3S-(3α,3aβ,5α)]-1,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7-八氢-α,α,3,8-四甲基-5-薁甲醇、表荜澄茄油烯醇和α-广藿香烯,分别占挥发性物质总量34.22%、10.70%和5.60%。这些结果为菌株GS-1挥发性物质在植物病害防控中的合理开发和高效利用提供了理论依据。

The aroma-producing fungus GS-1 strain was isolated from the dead branches of Broussonetia papyrifera,and identified as Nectria cinnabarina.The strain produced rich aroma and its volatile organic compounds(VOCs)had obvious fumigation antifungal activity on many important plant pathogens.In order to determine the fumigation antifungal mechanism,chemical components and dynamic release regularity of the VOCs from GS-1 strain,the fumigation antifungal activity on mycelium and cell structure of Botrytis cinerea were observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy.The VOCs of GS-1 strain were extracted by HS-SPME.The analysis of dynamic release regularity and identification of the VOCs were carry out by GC-MS.The results showed that the hyphae of B.cinerea was shrunk,deformed and top pointed after treated with VOCs of GS-1 strain.Meanwhile,the cytoplasmic content decreased and the cavities increased.With the passage of cultivation time,the VOCs of GS-1 strain increased firstly,then decreased slightly,tended to be stable at last.It reached the maximum value on the 12th day.Thirty-four chemical components were isolated from the VOCs of GS-1 strain,and 18 of them were identified.The main components were 5-Azulenemethanol,1,2,3,3 a,4,5,6,7-octahydro-.alpha.,.alpha.,3,8-tetramethyl-,[3 S-(3.alpha.,3 a.beta.,5.alpha.)]-,epicubenol andα-patchoulene,respectively accounting for 34.22%,10.70%and 5.60%in the total VOCs.These results provided a theoretical basis for the rational development and efficient utilization of the VOCs from GS-1 strain in plant disease control.