成人登革热合并低钾血症的临床特征及其影响因素分析

Analysis of clinical characteristics and influencing factors of hypokalemia in adult patients with dengue

目的探讨成人登革热合并低钾血症的临床特征,并分析其影响因素.方法回顾性分析我院收治的363例成人登革热的临床资料,根据入院血钾水平分为低钾血症组(<3.5mmol/L)和正常血钾组(3.5~5.3mmol/L),采用单因素分析和多因素logistic回归分析探讨低钾血症发生的相关因素.结果成人登革热合并低钾血组179例(49.31%),正常血钾组184例(50.69%).成人登革热病例低钾血症组和正常血钾组在乏力症状指标上差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.291,P=0.036),其余指标差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).经单因素与多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,入院前病程≤3d[OR=1.906,95%CI(1.247,2.914),P=0.003]、合并高血压病[OR=2.166,95%CI(1.153,4.067),P=0.016]是成人登革热患者低钾血症的危险因素.结论成人登革热患者低钾血症发生率高,尤其是疾病早期及合并高血压患者,因此,在治疗期间,应密切关注患者的血钾情况并及时补钾.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and the influencing factors of hypokalemia in adult patients with dengue.Methods The clinical data of 363 patients with dengue in adults admitted to Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into hypokalemia group(<3.5 mmol/L)and normal potassium group(≥3.5 mmol/L)based on the first serum potassium level.The influencing factors of hypokalemia were explored by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results Hypokalemia group ac-counted for 179 cases(49.31%),normal potassium group accounted for 184 cases(50.69%).There were statistically signifi-cant differences in fatigue symptoms between the hypokalemia group and the normal potassium group in adult patients with den-gue(X^(2)=4.291,P=0.036),while there were no statistically significant differences in other indicators(P>0.05).The uni-variate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the course of disease≤3 days before admission[OR=1.906,95%CI(1.247,2.914),P=0.003]and basic disease hypertension[OR=2.166,95%CI(1.153,4.067),P=0.016]were the risk factors for hypokalemia among patients with dengue in adults.Conclusion The incidence of hypokalemia in adult patients with dengue is high,especially in the early stage of the disease and patients with hypertension.So during the treatment we should pay close attention to the serum potassium level of the patients and timely supplement potassium.