网络服务提供者网络著作权侵权证明责任研究

Research on the Proof Liability of Network CopyrightInfringement by Network Service Providers

通过对网络服务提供者进行界定,区分提供信息内容服务的网络服务提供者和提供技术服务的网络服务提供者,前者承担直接侵权责任,后者承担间接侵权责任和替代责任;进一步分析网络服务提供者直接侵权责任、间接侵权责任、替代责任的责任认定和侵权责任构成要件,以此来作为证明责任分配的基础。由此认为:第一,直接侵权责任构成要件包括行为、过错、损害和因果关系四要件,网络服务提供者仅就“合法来源”承担证明责任。第二,间接侵权责任构成要件包括行为、过错、损害和因果关系四要件,网络服务提供者就“过错”要件承担证明责任。第三,替代侵权责任构成要件包括行为、损害和因果关系,网络服务提供者不承担证明责任。第四,网络服务提供者就合理使用规则的两个判断要件承担证明责任。

By defining the network service providers,the article distinguishes between the network service providers that provide information content services and the network service providers that provide technical services.The former is direct infringement.The latter is indirect infringement.This article further analyzes the liability determination and elements of tort liability of direct infringement,indirect infringement and vicarious liability of network service providers.This is the basis of the distribution of burden of proof.Firstly,the elements of direct tort liability include behavior,fault,damage and causality.The network service provider only bears the burden of proof on the"legal source".Secondly,the constitutive elements of indirect tort liability include behavior,fault,damage and causality.The network service provider bears the burden of proof on the"fault"element.Third,the elements of alternative tort liability include behavior,damage and causality,and the network service provider does not bear the burden of proof.Fourth,the network service provider should bear the burden of proof on the two elements of fair use rule.