PARP抑制剂联合纳米材料在恶性肿瘤治疗中的研究进展

Progress of PARP inhibitors combined with nanomaterials in tumor therapy

恶性肿瘤已成为全球第二大死因。传统治疗方案有手术、化疗、放疗及生物治疗等。由于化疗药物的细胞毒性作用,不仅抑制肿瘤细胞的快速增殖,也使其他重要器官受到毒性损害,从而导致多种不良反应。为了加强肿瘤靶向性的同时,又能减轻药物不良反应,精准靶向治疗的治疗模式逐渐开展,纳米材料则作为药物载体,以其靶向性强、不良反应小等优点进入人们视野。与此同时,靶向药物如PARP抑制剂中的尼拉帕利、奥拉帕利、卢卡帕利近年来被批准作为临床一线治疗及维持用药,随之医学界开展了将纳米材料与PARP抑制剂结合的研究。近几年,国外有研究表明PARP抑制剂联合纳米材料应用于部分恶性肿瘤的治疗,其抗肿瘤作用远超游离用药,但国内相关研究甚少。本文主要针对纳米材料联合PARP抑制剂的治疗方案对恶性肿瘤的作用进行综述。

Malignant tumors are the second leading cause of death worldwide.The traditional treatment regimens include surgery,chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and biotherapy.The cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs leads to various adverse reactions;these drugs not only inhibit the rapid proliferation of tumor cells but also damage important organs.Precision targeted therapy has been developed to strengthen tumor targeting and reduce drug side effects.Nanomaterials are used as drug carriers,with the advantages of high targeting efficiency and few side effects.At the same time,targeted drugs such as the poly ADP-ribose polymerase(PARP)inhibitors nilapalil,oxalapril,and lucapali have been approved as first-line treatment and maintenance drugs in recent years.Subsequently,studies have investigated the efficacy of the combination of nanomaterials and PARP inhibitors.In recent years,foreign studies have shown that the anti-tumor effect of PARP inhibitors combined with nanomaterials against some malignant tumors is far greater than those of free drugs,but few related studies have been conducted in China.This article mainly reviews the available data on the effect of nanomaterials combined with PARP inhibitors in the treatment of malignant tumors.