肉牛犊牛死亡主要原因解析

Major Causes of Calf Death in Beef Cattle

对于肉牛养殖而言,提高犊牛存活率,降低犊牛死亡率是保证产业发展的关键要素。在引起犊牛死亡的众多因素中,难产是最主要诱因,因难产导致的犊牛死亡约占50%,母牛因素、胎儿因素、公牛因素、营养因素、环境与管理等均可诱发难产。消化系统紊乱与呼吸系统疾病是最常发的犊牛疾病,腹泻与肺炎是引起犊牛死亡的最主要原因。综上,防止犊牛出生重过大是减少难产与犊牛死亡的良好措施,需要在配种、妊娠、围产期等环节加强管理,通过营养与管理调节胎儿的出生重,减少难产程度,降低犊牛死亡率。

Improving calves survival rate and reducing mortality are vital to beef cattle industry.Dystocia is the primary precipitating factor of calf deaths,which resulting in 50%of the calf death.Dystocia could be induced by many factors,including cow,fetus,stud bull breed,nutrition,environment and management.Digestive disorders and respiratory diseases are common calf diseases,in which diarrhea and pneumonia are also major causes of calf death.Preventing of fetus overgrowth is an effective way to reduce dystocia and calf death,which could be achieved through nutrition and comprehensive management during mating,pregnancy and perinatal periods.