图物写貌:悲怨主题的化解——颜延之与谢灵运之流放文学及其文化考索

The Resolving of Sadness and Grief by Depicting and Shaping Objects:Yan Yanzhi and Xie Lingyun’s Exile Literature and Its Cultural Studies

颜延之与谢灵运以词彩齐名刘宋。察颜、谢一生行迹,各自共有两次流放的经历,期间创作出隽永流芳的文学作品,继承了屈原、贾谊等骚人迁客流放文学“怨”的本质特征,同时以佛玄思想折合儒家思想,突破并发展比兴象喻,最重要的是归还自然本身的审美价值,将怀才不遇的主题转化为对自然的欣赏,以文学表现山水形态,从而减弱了哀怨的情愫,赋予了流放文学新的活力,展现出士人复杂的心态、纯粹的品格和多元的时代思想。

Yan Yanzhi and Xie Lingyun were equally famous for colourful words in Liu-reigned Song Dynasty.There are two exiles in the experience of Yan Yanzhi and Xie Lingyun.During this period,they created immortal literary works that showed the complex mentality of the scholars,the pure character and the pluralistic thoughts of the times.They inherited the essential characteristics of Qu Yuan,Jia Yi and the other relegated people who wrote the exile literature works.At the same time,with the thought of Buddhism,it is equivalent to Confucianism,and to break through and develop the metaphor of“Bi Xing”.The most important thing was to return the aesthetic value of the natural and natural scene itself,transforming the theme of unexpectedness into the appreciation of nature,especially the value of the beauty of the landscape itself,and the literary expression of the landscape,which weakens the feelings of sadness and grief,and the exile literature are endued with a new vitality.