氨基酸硒叶面肥对吐鲁番秋季露地甜瓜叶片早衰生理特性的影响

Effects of Amino Acid Selenium Leaf Fertilizer on the Physiological Characteristics of Early Senescence of Autumn Dew Muskmelon Leaves in Turpan

【目的】研究叶面喷施不同浓度氨基酸硒肥,对新疆吐鲁番秋季露地甜瓜早衰生理的影响,筛选出秋季露地甜瓜早衰延缓和调控技术中氨基酸硒肥的最佳施用浓度和频次。【方法】在吐鲁番秋季露地栽培条件下,以露地甜瓜主栽品种'西州密17号'为试材,从初花期开始设置叶面喷施不同浓度氨基酸硒肥处理,以清水为对照,分析不同浓度氨基酸硒肥对甜瓜叶片的叶绿素、可溶性蛋白含量、丙二醛和抗氧化酶活性的变化规律及与叶片早衰的关系。【结果】相对于清水对照处理,每隔7 d喷施2000~2500倍的氨基酸硒肥6~7次,可以有效延缓叶片在衰老期叶绿素相对含量、可溶性蛋白含量的下降速度,降低MDA的升高,明显提高了抗氧化酶的活性。【结论】喷施2000~2500倍氨基酸硒肥是延缓甜瓜叶片衰老比较理想的调控措施。

【Objective】To study the effects of foliar application of different concentrations of amino acid selenium fertilizer on the physiology of early senescence of dew melon in autumn in Turpan,Xinjiang,and to select the best application concentration and frequency of amino acid selenium fertilizer in the technology of delaying and regulating early senescence.【Methods】Under the condition of autumn open field cultivation in Turpan,the main cultivar of melon Xizhoumi 17 was used as the test material,and different concentrations of amino acid selenium fertilizer were sprayed on the leaves from the beginning of flowering.The changes of chlorophyll,soluble protein content,malondialdehyde and antioxidant enzyme activity of different concentrations of amino acid selenium fertilizer on the leaves of melon were analyzed compared with that of clear water.And,the relationship with leaf premature senescence was studied as well.【Results】Compared with the control treatment with clear water,spraying amino acid selenium fertilizer of 2,000-2,500 times every 7 days for 6-7 times can effectively delayed the decline rate of relative chlorophyll content and soluble protein content in leaves during senescence,reduce the increase of MDA,and significantly improve the activity of antioxidant enzymes.【Conclusion】It is an ideal control measure to delay the senescence of muskmelon leaves by spraying amino acid selenium^(2),000-2,500 times.