上海市与洛杉矶市建筑节能政策对比分析研究

Comparative Analysis of Building Energy Efficiency Policies between Shanghai and Los Angeles

上海市遵循国家公共建筑节能相关政策,在全市范围内陆续开展国家机关办公建筑和大型公共建筑的能耗统计、能源审计、能效公示、节能改造等工作。2017年国家公共建筑能效提升重点城市,上海市是其中之一,旨在确定各类型公共建筑能耗限额,开展基于限额的公共建筑用能管理。截至2018年12月31日,上海市累计1687栋公共建筑联网上海公共建筑能耗监测平台,建筑面积7833.1万平方米。洛杉矶市建筑节能及低碳发展在美国一直走在前列,在获得美国环保局“能源之星”认证项目中,洛杉矶市的项目最多。这些建筑每年节省31亿美元的公共事业费,减少相当于330万辆车的温室气体排放。本文从法律层面、目标层面、路径层面阐述上海市与洛杉矶市在公共建筑领域节能政策引领与实施对比分析。

Following the national public building energy conservation policies,Shanghai has successively carried out energy consumption statistics,energy audits,energy efficiency publicity,and energy-saving renovations in the office buildings of state agencies and large public buildings.In 2017,Shanghai is one of the key cities for improving energy efficiency of public buildings in the country,aiming to determine energy consumption limits for various types of public buildings and carry out quota-based energy management for public buildings.By the end of 2018,Shanghai had a total of 1,687 public buildings connected to Shanghai's public building energy consumption monitoring platform,with total building area of 78.331 million square meters.The city of Los Angeles has always been at the forefront of building energy efficiency and low-carbon development in the United States.Among the projects that have been certified by the US Environmental Protection Agency"Energy Star",Los Angeles has the most projects.These buildings save$3.1 billion in public utility costs each year and reduce greenhouse gas emissions equivalent to 3.3 million vehicles.This article elaborates on the comparative analysis of the leading and implementation of energy efficiency policies in public buildings in Shanghai and Los Angeles from the legal level,target level,and path level.