寒冷及夏热冬冷地区既有居住建筑气密性研究

Study on Air Tightness of Existing Residential Buildings in Cold Areas as well as Hot Summer and Cold Winter Areas

建筑气密性作为建筑能耗关键影响因素,已成为国内外科研工作者广泛关注的话题。我国对建筑气密性的研究起步较晚,既有建筑气密性研究数据截止至2000年,2000年至今,我国建筑节能发展迅速,但在建筑气密性方面研究缺失。本文选取寒冷及夏热冬冷地区典型城市北京、上海共8处既有建筑,采用风扇压力法对其建筑气密性能展开现场检测,检测结果表明:北京地区N_(50)在0.8-2.1之间,上海地区N50在2.2-4.2之间,较2000年前既有建筑气密性有了大幅提升,其中寒冷地区建筑气密性性能较夏热冬冷地区较好。检测过程中发现,外窗、门联窗、穿墙管是主要的漏风部位,可通过后期装修改造,改善其建筑气密性。

As a key factor of building energy consumption,building air tightness has become a hot topic for researchers at home and abroad.The research on airtightness of buildings in China started relatively late.The data for air tightness of existing buildings is up to 2000.Since 2000,building energy conservation has developed rapidly in China,but the research on air tightness of buildings is still lacking.In this paper,eight existing buildings in Beijing and Shanghai,which are typical cities in cold areas as well as hot summer and cold winter areas,are selected to test the air tightness of the buildings by fan pressure method.The test results show that the N_(50) of Beijing area is between 0.8-2.1,and that of Shanghai area is between 2.2-4.2.The air tightness of existing buildings has been greatly improved compared with that before 2000.The air tightness of buildings in cold areas is better than that in hot summer and cold winter areas.In the process of detection,it is found that the main air leakage parts are external window,door window and through wall pipes.The air tightness of the building can be improved by later decoration.