女性不孕症患者羞辱感的影响因素分析

Influencing factors of stigma in female patients with infertility

目的探讨女性不孕症患者羞辱感现状及其影响因素,为女性不孕症患者羞辱感干预研究提供参考。方法采用一般资料调查问卷、女性不孕症患者羞辱感量表、自尊量表、社会支持评定量表、家庭关怀度指数问卷对245例女性不孕症患者进行调查。结果女性不孕症患者的羞辱感得分(70.68±17.06)分。生育观、生育压力、自尊水平和是否愿意袒露不孕病情对自我羞辱感和感知到的羞辱得分有预测作用;自我羞辱感还受女性文化程度、社会支持水平的影响,感知到的羞辱还受家庭关怀度指数的影响(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论女性不孕症患者的羞辱感处于中等水平,且受多种因素影响。提高女性受教育水平,消除传统生育观影响,完善社会支持系统,提高家庭及社会支持水平,增强其自尊,对减轻女性不孕症患者的羞辱感有重要意义。

Objective To explore the status of stigma and its influencing factors in female patients with infertility,and to provide re-ferences for intervention strategies for the population.Methods A self-designed general information questionnaire,the Infertility Stigma Scale,Self-Esteem Scale,Social Support Rating Scale,and Family APGAR index were used to investigate among 245 female patients with infertility.Results The total stigma score in female patients with infertility was(70.68±17.06)points.Traditional reproduction viewpoint,fertility stress,low self-esteem and willingness to disclose infertility had a predictive effect both on self-stigma and perceived stigma;self-stigma was also affected by women′s education levels,and social support;perceived stigma was additionally affected by family APGAR index(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion Stigma in female patients with infertility was at medium level.Strategies of improving educational opportunities,mitigating the impact of traditional reproduction viewpoint,improving social support and enhancing self-esteem of infertile women,are widely beneficial to reduce their stigma.