基于三维激光扫描技术的隧道工程测量与建模

Tunnel engineering surveying and modeling based on 3D laser scanning technology

以广州地铁十四号线规划验收为例,研究了采用三维激光扫描技术开展盾构隧道的工程测量及三维重构的技术方法。首先采用全站仪布设控制,对地铁站台及区间隧道进行扫描,获取高精度激光点云数据;接着采用凹面算法和随机采样一致性算法,提取隧道中轴线、横断面等隧道工程测量成果;最后基于断面采用拉伸放样建模方法,建立了隧道的三维模型。本方法测绘成果丰富,克服了常规测量方法环境适应能力差、效率低的缺点,为隧道工程测量、运营维护提供准确、科学的空间数据。

Taking the planning acceptance measurement of Guangzhou metro line 14 as an example,3 D laser scanning technology is used to carry out engineering survey and 3 D modeling of shield tunnel. Firstly,under the cooperate using of total station,the high-precision point cloud data of the tunnel is obtained by scanning the metro stations and tunnel. And then,the central axis,cross section of the tunnel are extracted by concave hull and RANSAC algorithm from the point cloud. Lastly,the 3 D models of the tunnel are built by the method of stretching and lofting. The method provides abundant,accurate and scientific spatial data for the planning,construction,operation,and maintenance of tunnel engineering.