种子无氧贮藏方法的建立

Estabishment of anaerobic method for seeds

以胡萝卜种子为试材,研究加入脱氧剂、充氮气和真空包装3种方法对种子贮藏环境中氧气水平、相对湿度及种子水活度的影响。结果表明:真空包装不改变种子水活度,但不能创建无氧贮藏环境;以0.5 L∕min流速充氮气120 s或使用含有增湿剂的铁粉脱氧剂可建立种子无氧贮藏环境。充氮气后,种子水活度略微减少;含有增湿剂的脱氧剂去除贮藏环境中氧气效果最好,但是增加了种子水活度;加入一定量的干燥剂可避免种子水活度的增加,加入一定量和种子同样相对湿度(RH)的缓冲硅胶可保持种子水活度。

The effects of using oxygen absorbers,flushing with nitrogen gas or vacuum packing on oxygen levels,relative humidity or seed water activity in seed storage container were studied using carrot seeds.The results showed:vacuum packing treatment had no effect on seed water acitivity and could not create anoxia conditions;Flushing with nitrogen gas 120 s at 0.5 L∕min flow rate or using of iron based oxygen absorbers with moisturiser 24-50 h resulted in an anoxia environment.Flushing with nitrogen gas slightly reduced the seed water activity.When testing oxygen absorbers,only iron based absorbers with the inclusion of a moisturiser were shown to be effective.An increases in seed water activity due to the moisturiser could be prevented by adding a calculated amount of moisture absorbent in the container.Adding a buffer of silica gel,equilibrated at the same RH as the seeds,could maintain water activity.