基于农业生产需求的硼肥产品创新思路

Innovative design of boron-based fertilizers based on demand from agricultural production

作物硼缺乏到产生硼毒之间的浓度范围相对较窄,且大多数作物生长后期需硼较多。硼在高降雨、砂性土壤条件下易发生淋洗损失,而目前市场上存在的主要硼肥产品具有高溶解性、对作物易产生毒害,或养分释放特性不能满足作物生育期需求,因此,需要构建适宜于气候-土壤-作物系统需求的创新型硼肥产品。以澳大利亚研究的硼肥产品为例,通过"物质合成及其验证—物质基本特性探究—作物苗期毒性评价—作物生长效果试验—工业化生产与应用"硼肥创新链条的构建,实现了高效安全硼肥产品的创新设计与生产应用,为硼肥及其他中微量营养元素肥料创新提供思路。

Boron has a relative narrow optimum concentration range between deficiency and toxicity for plant growth in soil.Furthermore,many crops need larger amount of boron at their later growth stage or during reproductive stage.Boron is easily to be leached out root zone,especially in high rainfall and sandy soil conditions due to highly mobile in the soil.At present,the main boron fertilizers commonly used have some disadvantages.Therefore,it is important to develop an effective boron fertilizer product that can meet the requirement of the climate-soil-crop system.Taking a case study from Australia as an example,through building the boron fertilizer innovation chain which including"material formulation and verification,study on basic features of the material,toxicity assessment at crop seedling stage,agronomic effect test,industrial production and field application",the innovative design and application of an effective and safe boron-based fertilizer is achieved.It aims to provide ideas for designing new boron or other secondary and micronutrient fertilizers.