基于分布式模型预测控制的含分布式储能有源配电网动态电压控制

Dynamic Voltage Control Based on DMPC for Active Distribution Network with Distributed Energy Storage Systems

针对大规模分布式电源(distributed generator, DG)接入配电网造成的电压越限问题,提出一种基于分布式模型预测控制(distributed model predictive control, DMPC)的含分布式储能有源配电网动态电压控制方法,协调配电网中大量分布式光伏(Photovoltaic, PV)、储能(energy storage, ES)等可调资源,实现电压越限的快速动态恢复。首先,通过分析分布式光伏、储能等可控资源不同的动态过程以及配电网的电压灵敏度模型,建立计及分布式电源动态过程的配电网整体控制模型;考虑到配电系统整体规模大、控制设备多,为避免对通信可靠性要求过高,通过ε分解法将整体配电网模型分解为若干子网络,降低系统的耦合关系。其次,考虑各分布式光伏、储能的有功和无功功率出力约束以及容量限制,进行含约束的分布式模型预测控制设计,并转化为二次约束二次规划(quadratically constrained quadratic program, QCQP)问题优化求解控制指令,实现配电网电压越限的快速动态恢复。最后,通过基于IEEE-33节点配电网的仿真验证了所提方法的有效性。

In order to solve the voltage violation problem in a distribution network that integrates multiple distributed generators, this paper proposes a method based on distributed model predictive control for coordination of PVs and energy storage systems and for dynamic voltage regulation in a distribution network containing distributed energy storage systems. Firstly, we analysis dynamic characteristics of distributed PVs, energy storage systems and voltage sensitivity model of the distribution network, and construct the whole distribution network model considering dynamic characteristics. Considering large scale and numerous devices of distribution network, we divide it into several subsystems through ε decomposition. Then, this paper designs distributed model predictive controller containing various limits of PVs and energy storage systems and transfers this into solving a QCQP problem to optimize control instructions, and then restoring from voltage violation fast in distribution network. Finally, the simulation result in IEEE 33-node network verifies the validity of proposed method.