马克思主义历史哲学的形态定位与建构

The Orientation and Construction of Marxist Philosophy of History

当前,建构符合时代主题和时代精神的中国马克思主义哲学已成为哲学研究的重大课题之一,其必要性和紧迫性愈益彰显。其中,马克思主义哲学能否被理解为一种历史哲学,无疑是一个关涉马克思主义哲学理论性质的重要问题。马克思主义历史哲学是马克思在扬弃以往历史哲学和反思德国历史研究的基础上所建构起来的,是马克思、恩格斯通过阐释历史及其规律解决现实问题的产物,它表征了一种马克思主义哲学的特定形态。马克思主义历史哲学对历史的辩证阐释,使其与辩证唯物主义存在理论上的“互证”关系;马克思主义历史哲学坚持历史研究的整全性,使其与历史唯物主义存在内容上的“包含”关系;马克思主义历史哲学将历史理解为“实践性”的构成,使其与实践唯物主义存在功能上的“互变”关系。当代中国马克思主义历史哲学的建构与发展,需要在认识论上明晰其存在的重要性并进行基础理论的深度研究,在方法论上加强同其他历史哲学的比较研究,在价值论上挖掘其所具有的中国意义与世界意义。

The nature of Marxist philosophical theory involves an important issue that,whether Marxist philosophy can be understood as a philosophy of history.Marxist philosophy of history is the product of Marx and Engels’s theoretical practice,as well as a specific form of Marxist philosophy.The dialectical interpretation of history validates the mutual verifiability between the theories of Marxist philosophy of history and dialectical materialism.The insistence on the integrity of historical research results that Marxist philosophy comprises historical materialism in the content.The understanding of history as the composition of“practicality”drives the mutual transformation between Marxist philosophy of history and historical materialism in their functions.To construct and develop a contemporary Marxist philosophy of history in China,we need to clarify its epistemology,strengthen its methodology through comparative study with other philosophies of history,and explore its axiological significance for China and the world.