战时日本“出版新体制”的构筑及其法西斯化

The Construction and Practice of the ‘New Publishing System’ during the Wartime

在大力推行以"总体战"为特征的战时体制形势下,为适应内外宣传的需要,日本当局推动出版界构建"出版新体制",以强化出版业对日本战时宣传的服务功能。"出版新体制"是一个由多部门、多机构、多层次构成的系统化、立体化的出版统制体系。它不但将不同业态的出版机构全部纳入统制对象,而且在统制范围上实现了对出版业生产、配给、销售各环节的全覆盖,从体制结构、运作模式、产业布局等方面推动并实现了战时日本出版政策的法西斯化,对促进出版业向战时体制转变,回应日本当局对出版业在"国策宣传"中的要求发挥了重要作用。

In the context of wartime system characterised by‘Total War Promotion’,the Japanese authorities promoted the construction of‘New Publishing System’in the publishing industry to meet the need of propaganda at home and abroad,so as to strengthen the service function of the publishing industry for Japan’s wartime propaganda.The‘New Publishing System’is a systematic and stereoscopic publishing management system constructed by multiple departments,institutions and levels.It not only includes publishing institutions of different business forms into the targets of management,but also achieves full coverage of the production,distribution and sale of the publishing industry in the scope of management,which promoted and realised the Fascistisation of Japan’s publishing policy from aspects of system structure,operation mode,content and effect,and played an important role in promoting the transformation of the wartime system in the publishing industry and responding to the Japanese authorities’demands of‘national policy propaganda’by the publishing industry.