综合健康教练计划对脑卒中高危人群健康促进生活方式的纵向研究

Longitudinal study of health and wellness coaching on health promotion lifestyle of highrisk people with stroke

目的探讨综合健康教练计划能否改善脑卒中高危人群健康促进生活方式。方法采用Excel表格随机函数法将2019年3—6月于哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院就诊的脑卒中高危人群随机分为试验组和对照组,每组49例。对照组给予为期3个月,每周1次,共计12次的电话健康教育;试验组在此基础上,同时开展由每周1次逐渐过渡到每月1次,共计8次健康教练会议的综合健康教练计划,分别于基线时、干预结束时、干预结束后3个月测量2组研究对象的健康促进生活方式量表(HPLP-Ⅱ)得分。结果2组研究对象一般人口学资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。重复测量方差分析显示,2组研究对象的营养、健康职责、体育运动、自我实现和健康促进生活方式总分的时间、组间和交互效应差异有统计学意义(F值为12.131~502.649,P<0.01),人际关系和压力应对维度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。简单效应分析发现,干预结束时,试验组研究对象自我实现维度和健康促进生活方式总分高于对照组(P<0.01);干预结束后3个月,试验组研究对象的营养、健康职责、体育运动、自我实现和健康促进生活方式总分均高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论综合健康教练计划可以改善脑卒中高危人群健康促进生活方式。

Objective To explore whether health and wellness coaching can promote healthy lifestyle among highrisk people with stroke.Methods The highrisk people with stroke admitted to the hospital were randomly divided into a test group(49)and a control group(49)by excel random function method.The control group was given telephone health education once a week,a total of 12 times last 3 months;On this basis,the test group carried out from every week to every months,a total of 8 timeshealth and wellness coaching,measuring the health promotion lifestyle(HPLP-Ⅱ)scale scores of the two groups of subjects at baseline,at the end of the intervention,and 3 months after the end of the intervention.Results There was no statistical difference in the general demographic data of the two groups of subjects.Repeated measures analysis of variance showed that three months after the intervention,the two groups of subjects had statistically significant differences in nutrition,health responsibilities,physical activity,self-actualization,and health promotion lifestyle scores between the groups,time,and interaction(F values were 12.131-502.649,P<0.01).There were no statistical differences in interpersonal relationship and stress coping dimensions(P>0.05).Simple effect analysis found that at the end of the intervention,the two groups of subjects had only statistical differences between the self-actualization dimension and the total score of health promotion lifestyle(P<0.01).Three months after the end of the intervention,the total scores of nutrition,health responsibilities,sports,self-actualization and health-promoting lifestyles of the two groups of study subjects were significantly different(P<0.01).Conclusions Health and wellness coaching can promote healthy lifestyle among highrisk people with stroke.