中国北方野生莲居群的表型多样性分析

Phenotypic diversity analysis of wild Asian lotus(Nelumbo nucifera)populations from northern China

揭示中国北方野生莲群体的表型多样性水平,为资源保护和利用提供参考。以黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、河北及山东6省17个代表性野生莲居群为研究对象,选取25个性状进行表型变异和聚类分析。结果表明,北方野生莲居群表型性状变异程度较低。15个数量性状的平均变异系数(CV)为4.97%~26.51%,立叶高、花瓣长和心皮数的平均变异系数均大于20%,分别达20.16%、20.55%和26.51%。10个假质量性状Shannon-Weaver多样性指数(I)为0.00~0.81,花蕾形和花瓣形的多态性指数均为0.81,花蕾形以卵形居多,花瓣形以卵圆形居多。聚类分析将17个野生莲居群分为3组,分组结果表明,中国北方野生莲居群的表型和其地理分布呈现一定的相关性。

In order to reveal the phenotypic diversity of wild Asian lotus(Nelumbo nucifera)populations from northern China and to provide a reference for germplasm conservation and utilization,25 traits of 17 wild Asian lotus populations from six provinces,including Heilongjiang,Jilin,Liaoning,Inner Mongolia,Hebei,and Shandong,were studied using methods of variance analysis and clustering analysis.The results indicated that the phenotypic variation of wild populations of Asian lotus from northern China was relatively low.The coefficient of variant(CV)for the 15 quantitative traits was from 4.97%to 26.51%.The CV values for leaf height,petal length,and carpel number were higher than 20%,namely 20.16%,20.55%,and 26.51%,respectively.The Shannon-Weaver diversity index(I)for ten pseudo-qualitative traits was from 0.00 to 0.81.The I values for bud shape and petal shape were equally 0.81.The flower bud shapes were ovate,and the petal shapes were oval in most populations.The clustering analysis based on Euclidean distance classified the 17 populations roughly into three groups.The results of population clustering showed a certain correlation between the geographical location andphenotype.