民国元年东三省都督平权问题

On the Issue of Achieving Equal Power among Governors of the Three Provinces of the Northeast China in the first year of the Republic of China

民国元年东三省都督平权问题是相关政治力量围绕边疆省区如何构建省制而引发的一场政治事件。袁世凯出任民国临时大总统后,将北方各省总督、巡抚改称都督,并规定其职权仍旧。因"东三省总督"改称而来的"东三省都督",仍然兼辖吉林、黑龙江两省的规制,引起吉、黑两省都督及士绅强烈不满,后者更通过本省临时参议员向临时参议院提案,要求实现东北三省都督平权。在相关各方角力之下,都督平权案几经波折,最终仅实现了三省都督在民政上的平权。

In the first year of the Republic of China,the issue of achieving equal power among the governors of the three provinces in the Northeast China was a political event triggered by the relevant political forces on how to construct the provincial system in the border provinces. After Yuan Shikai became the provisional president of the Republic of China,he changed the name of governor of the northern provinces--Zongdu( 总督) and Xunfu( 巡抚),to Dudu( 都督),and stipulated that governor’s function and power remained unchanged. "The Zongdu of Three Northeast Provinces"was renamed "The Dudu of Three Northeast Provinces",but still governed both Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces,which caused strong dissatisfaction among the Dudu of Jinlin and Dudu of Heilongjiang,and Gentry of two provinces. So the latter proposed to the Provisional Senate through the provisional senators of their provinces,calling for Achieving equal power among the three Dudus in the three provinces of Northeast China. Under the relevant parties’ struggle,the case of achieving equal power of the three Dudus went through several twists and turns,and finally realized the equal power of the three Dudus in civil affairs.