微波辐射对‘凤丹’种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

Effect of microwave radiation on seed germination and seedling growth of Peaonia ostii‘Feng Dan’

【目的】探析微波辐射对打破‘凤丹’种子休眠的作用,为促进‘凤丹’种子萌发提供参考依据。【方法】选取油用牡丹主栽品种‘凤丹’的种子进行微波辐射处理,将预处理后的种子置于已铺有湿热灭菌双层滤纸的发芽盒内进行生根试验,统计初萌期、生根率、平均根长等指标;再选取胚根长度≥3 cm的种子,将其浸泡于200 mg/L的赤霉素2 h后播于穴盘内进行发芽试验,统计发芽率、发芽势、苗高等指标。【结果】微波辐射低火处理10 s、中火处理10和20 s均可缩短‘凤丹’的生根时间,中火处理10 s所需生根时间最短,为27 d,且各处理与对照组间的差异均显著(P<0.05);低火处理10和20 s均可提高‘凤丹’种子的生根率与根长,生根率分别为95.83%与94.63%,根长分别为8.44和7.20 cm,与对照组间的差异均显著(P<0.05)。微波辐射低火处理10 s对‘凤丹’发芽与幼苗生长的影响均表现出促进作用,其发芽率与发芽势分别为83.25%和87.25%,其发芽势与对照组的差异显著(P<0.05);其余微波处理组对‘凤丹’发芽与幼苗生长的影响均表现出抑制作用,且随着微波辐射时间与强度的增加而增强;微波处理对‘凤丹’幼苗苗高无明显影响,其苗高与对照组的差异不显著(P<0.05)。【结论】适当强度的微波辐射处理可打破‘凤丹’种子的休眠,能促进‘凤丹’种子的萌发;而高强度的微波辐射处理对‘凤丹’种子的萌发表现出抑制作用。

【Objective】To study the effect of microwave radiation on breaking dormancy of‘Feng Dan’seeds and to provide reference for promoting germination of‘Feng Dan’seeds.【Methods】The seeds of the main oil peony cultivar‘Feng Dan’were treated with microwave radiation,and the pre-treated seeds were placed in a germination box covered with moist-heat sterilization double-layer filter paper for rooting,the germination rate,rooting rate and average root length were counted,and then the seeds with radicle length≥3 cm were soaked in 200 mg/L gibberellin and sowed in the plug for germination test,the germination rate,germination potential and seedling height were counted.【Results】The initial germination of‘Feng Dan’was shortened by low-fire treatment 10 s,middle-fire treatment 10 s and middle-fire treatment 20 s.The initial germination of middle-fire 10 s treatment was the shortest which was 27 days,there was significant difference between pre-treatments and CK(P<0.05).Low-fire treatment for 10 s and 20 s could increase the rooting rate of‘Feng Dan’seeds,which were 95.83%,94.63%,and the root length was 8.44 cm and 7.20 cm,respectively.There was significant difference between pre-treatments and CK(P<0.05).The germination rate and germination potential were 83.25%and 87.25%,respectively,and the germination potential was significant difference between pre-treatments and CK(P<0.05).The effects of other microwave treatments on germination and seedling growth of‘Feng Dan’were inhibited,and increased with the increase of microwave radiation time and intensity,while microwave treatment had no obvious effect on seedling height of‘Feng Dan’,there was no significant difference between pre-treatments and CK(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Proper intensity of microwave radiation can break the dormancy of‘Feng Dan’seeds and promote the germination of‘Feng Dan’seeds,while high intensity of microwave radiation can inhibit the germination of‘Feng Dan’seeds.