文化翻译视域下的早期日本马克思主义著作汉译考察--以《近世社会主义》为例

On the Translation of Early Japanese Marxist Works from the Perspective of Cultural Translation--Taking Kinsei Syakaisyugi as an Example

清末民初留日知识分子对早期日本马克思主义著作的汉译,是中国翻译史和中日文化交流史上的重要事件。在文化翻译视域下考察马克思主义著作的译介与传播,并审视译介在其中的作用,不失为相对客观的研究方式。本文以《近世社会主义》的汉译为主要案例,通过日文底本和汉语译本的严密对比,考察了译者在具体历史文化语境中对马克思主义的解读、阐释及其背后的制约因素,探究了早期日本马克思主义著作的汉译对马克思主义的传入、中国马克思主义术语的形成以及近代知识分子的马克思主义认识所产生的影响。正是缘于数代译者的辛劳译介,马克思主义才得以在中国文化语境下被不断赋予新的内涵,并为实现中国化奠定了基础。

The translation of early Japanese Marxist works by intellectuals studying in Japan in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China is an important event in the history of Chinese translation and the history of Sino-Japanese cultural exchange.It is a relatively objective way to study the translation,introduction and dissemination of Marxism from the perspective of cultural translation,and to examine the role of translation and introduction in it.This paper makes a comparative study of the Japanese version and the Chinese version of Kinsei Syakaisyugi,examines the interpretation and explanations and constraints of Marxism by the translator in the context of history and culture,and explores the influence of Chinese translation of early Japanese Marxist works on the introduction of Marxism into China,the formation of Chinese Marxist terminology and the understanding of Marxism by modern intellectuals.It is precisely because of the hard work of several generations of translators that Marxism has been constantly given new connotations in the context of Chinese culture and has laid the foundation for the realization of Marxism in China.