美日绿色产业发展经验及其对中国产业政策的启示

The Experience of Green Industry Development in the US and Japan and Its Implications for Chinese Industrial Policy

随着世界资源紧缺和生态环境破坏严重,发展绿色产业成为全球各国的共识,但是各国在具体发展目标、路径和政策运用上又有着很大差异。通过对美日绿色产业发展经验比较,虽然各具特色,但在科技创新上却是相同的。除此之外,美国还强调把政府干预与市场主导有机结合、加强绿色产业发展的基础设施建设;日本则更重视持续的产业政策对产业结构调整和绿色产业发展的推动等,深刻透视出产业政策的有效性,如何利用好政府与市场这“两只手”,对于我国推进绿色发展和经济高质量发展具有重要的借鉴意义。

With the shortage of world resources and the serious damage to the ecological environment,the development of green industries has become the consensus of all countries in the world,but countries have very different specific development goals,paths and policy applications.Through the comparison of the development experience of the US and Japan’s green industries,although each has its own characteristics,we find that it is the same in terms of technological innovation.In addition,the United States also emphasizes the organic combination of government intervention and market dominance and strengthens the construction of infrastructure for green industry developm ent;Japan attaches more importance to the continuous industrial policy and the promotion of the adjustment of industrial structure and the development of green industry,etc.The effectiveness of the policy and how to make good use of the“two hands”have important reference significance for China to promote green development and high-quality economic development.