国家治理、外交能力与中国主场外交的兴起

National Governance,Diplomatic Capacity and the Rise of China’s Host Diplomacy

主场外交的兴起是近年来中国外交工作的重要变化。除了扩大国际影响力和推动全球治理体系变革的考虑,中国主场外交还有很强的国内驱动力,服务于提升国家治理能力的战略需求。全球互联互通已成为中国推进国家治理现代化的基本背景,中国需要统筹协调国内行为体的涉外行动,同时积极引领国际合作、塑造全球治理向符合国家治理需要的方向发展。服务国家治理的考虑充分反映在中国主场外交的议程设置与实践作为中。在国家实力提升的基础上,主场外交提供了独特的集成式实践平台,能够发挥聚焦效应、规模效应与整合效应,在效率和成本方面往往也具有独特优势。在一定条件下,各种主场外交实践既有助于顺应本国政策动向,统筹对内对外信号传递与舆论塑造,争取国际配合,促进国内动员;也有助于协调内外多方,编织合作关系网络,拓展关系治理;还有助于整合并提升各种国内行为体的国际参与,淬炼工作能力,推进协同治理,从而发挥配合国内治理变革、提升国家治理能力的多重效果。主场外交在一段时间内成为中国统筹国家治理与全球治理和提升外交外事服务国家发展能力的重要举措,在经济转型升级与反腐败追逃追赃等领域有力配合了国家治理现代化的需要。

The rise of host diplomacy is a notable development of Chinese diplomacy in the past few years.Besides considerations of expanding international influence and promoting reforms of the global governance system,China’s host diplomacy also has a strong domestic drive,particularly to serve the strategic need of enhancing state governance capacities.Globalization and transnational connectivity have become backdrop for China’s modernization of national governance,requiring the coordination of foreignrelated activities of domestic forces,taking leadership in international cooperation,and shaping the international environment and transnational ties in a direction consistent with the country’s reform and development needs.This has imposed higher requirements for improving the foreign affairs work system and enhancing diplomatic capabilities.Based on the rise of national power capacities,host diplomacy provides an important and unique integrated platform,through which states can take advantage of its focusing,scaling and integration effects to coordinate internal and external signaling and public opinion shaping,seek international cooperation and promote domestic mobilization,as well as to promote domestic and international integration,build and expand transnational cooperation networks,and integrate and coordinate international activities of various domestic actors.For a period of time,host diplomacy has become an important venue to enhance China’s diplomatic and foreign works capacity to serve development of state governance capacity,greatly complementing the needs of state governance modernization in areas such as"economic transformation and upgrading",and"anticorruption efforts to track down international fugitives and recover their illicit gains".