政府补贴对新能源企业绿色创新影响研究——基于古诺竞争视角

Impact of Government Subsidies on the Green Innovation of New Energy Enterprises——An Analysis Based on Cournot Competition

政府对新能源产业补贴目的是为了改善生态环境和提升社会福利。本文从社会福利最大化的目标出发,将政府补贴、生态环境改善程度、市场结构、技术溢出性、绿色创新等纳入到古诺模型当中,使用三阶段博弈方法,得出逆向归纳子博弈完美均衡解,进一步运用比较静态分析研究政府补贴对新能源企业绿色创新的影响。研究发现:政府补贴与环境改善程度之间呈正向关系;不同的技术溢出效应使得新能源企业数量与绿色R&D投入之间呈现不同的关系;环境改善程度较高时,政府补贴与创新效率之间具有正向关系,反之,两者则呈反向关系;政府补贴会随技术溢出效应提高而提高;环境改善程度、技术溢出效应正向递增地影响新能源企业的创新及产出;企业数量、创新效率对单位产品新能源效能的影响是复杂的,而单位产品新能源效能随技术溢出效应增加而增加;无论是否存在技术溢出效应,当环境改善程度较高时,新能源企业数量与绿色创新之间具有显著正向关系,当环境改善程度较低时,新能源企业数量与绿色创新之间呈波动关系,创新效率越高,新能源企业绿色创新投入越低,技术溢出性越高、市场规模越大,新能源企业绿色创新投入越高。

The purpose of government subsidies for the new energy industry is to improve the ecological environment and enhance social welfare.In this paper,from the objective of maximizing social welfare.Starting from the objective of maximizing social welfare,this paper incorporates government subsidies,degree of ecological improvement,market structure,technological spillover,and green innovation into the Cournot model,and uses a three-stage game approach to derive the perfect equilibrium solution of the inverse inductive subgame,Further,a comparative static analysis is applied to study the impact of government subsidies on green innovation of new energy enterprises.It is found that:There is a positive relationship between government subsidies and the degree of environmental improvement.Different technology spillover effects lead to different relationships between the number of new energy enterprises and their green R&D investment.There is a positive relationship between government subsidies and innovation efficiency when the degree of environmental improvement is high,otherwise a negative relationship appears.Government subsidies increase with increasing technology spillover effect.The degree of environmental improvement and the technology spillover effect positively and incrementally impact the innovation and output of new energy enterprises.The number of enterprises and innovation efficiency have a complex impact on the new energy efficiency per unit product,which increases with increasing technology spillover effect.Regardless of the presence of the technology spillover effect,there is a significant positive relationship between the number of new energy enterprises and green innovation when the degree of environmental improvement is high and a fluctuating relationship between the two when the degree of environmental improvement is low.The higher the innovation efficiency is,the lower the green innovation investment of new energy enterprises;the higher the technology spillover and the larger the market size are,the higher the green innovation investment of new energy enterprises.