泉州:宋元中国的世界海洋商贸中心——系列遗产整体价值及要素构成研究

Study on the Overall Value and Composition of Quanzhou:Emporium of the World in Song-Yuan China as a Serial Property

系列遗产概念是世界遗产体系近年来的创新点之一,这一概念强调以整体的视角关注遗产组成部分间的内在关联,并认知各组成部分以其特定的贡献角度共同塑造出的超越原有个体的整体意义。文章以“泉州:宋元中国的世界海洋商贸中心”系列遗产为例,解析其整体价值与要素构成的认知思路,认为该系列遗产的整体可界定为一个“高度发达的海外贸易区域一体化空间-经济-社会系统”,它证明了宋元泉州作为世界贸易中心港口的典范,具有“区域整合、多元繁荣的杰出发展智慧”,展现出10—14世纪亚洲海洋贸易网络高度繁荣、沿线社会蓬勃发展的强烈时代特征。系列遗产概念推进了遗产认知的方法,有助于洞察关联、理解机理、认知系统。系列遗产的关联性特征对研究与保护管理工作提出了极具发展性和创新性的要求,具有共同价值的一组遗产地开展研究与保护合作,有利于推进文化遗产保护的广泛社会共识与能力建设,与世界遗产公约的精神高度契合。

The conception of serial nomination is a significant innovation of the World Heritage system in recent years.This concept emphasizes the connectivity between the components of the heritage from a holistic perspective,and recognizes the significance of each component as a whole that transcends the original individual from the perspective of its specific contribution.Taking the serial nomination of“Quanzhou:Emporium of the World in Song-Yuan China”as an example,this paper analyzes its overall value and composition,and concludes that the whole serial property can be defined as a“highly developed spatial-economic-social system of regional integration of maritime trade”.It demonstrates that Quanzhou excelled as a maritime emporium with“outstanding development wisdom of regional integration and diversified prosperity”,illustrating the strong characteristics of the times when the Asian maritime trade network was highly prosperous and the societies along the route flourished in the 10th-14th centuries.The concept of serial property advances the approach towards heritage understanding,helping to gain insight between links,and to understand the mechanisms and systems.The interrelated nature of serial property poses a highly evolving and innovative demand for research,conservation and management,and co-operative research and conservation among a collection of sites with common values,and is conducive to promoting broad social consensus and capacity building for cultural heritage protection,which is highly compatible with the spirit of the World Heritage Convention.