基于遗传算法优化的收获机割台高度模糊PID控制研究

Research on Fuzzy PID Control of Header Height of Harvester Based on Genetic Algorithm Optimization

针对传统控制算法在收获机割台高度控制系统中控制效果不佳的问题,设计了一种基于遗传算法优化的割台高度模糊PID控制系统,以实现割台高度的仿形自适应调控功能。将遗传算法与模糊PID控制相融合,通过遗传算法优化模糊控制规则,克服依靠专家经验整定PID控制参数的局限性,实现割台高度的最优控制策略。最后,运用MATLAB对系统控制性能进行仿真对比和分析,并在田间进行试验运行测试。结果表明,采用遗传算法优化模糊PID控制器是可行和有效的,割台高度控制误差小于1.3 cm,系统响应速度高于0.26 m/s,割台调控时间较现有玉米收获机提升约11%。割台高度仿形自适应控制系统,具有调节时间短、超调量小和控制精度高的优点,完全满足玉米收获机田间作业的设计要求。

Aiming at the poor control effect of traditional control algorithm in the header height control system of harvester,a fuzzy PID control system for header height based on genetic algorithm optimization is designed to realize the profiling adaptive control function of header height.The genetic algorithm is combined with fuzzy PID control,and the fuzzy control rules are optimized by genetic algorithm,it overcomes the limitation of setting PID control parameters by expert experience,and realizes the optimal control strategy of header height.Finally,the control performance of the system is simulated,compared and analyzed by MATLAB,and the test is carried out in the field.The results show that the fuzzy PID controller optimized by genetic algorithm is feasible and effective,the control error of header height is less than 1.3cm,the response speed of the system is higher than 0.26m/s,and the control time of header is about 11%higher than the existing corn harvester.Header height profiling adaptive control system,it has the advantages of short adjustment time,small overshoot and high control precision,which fully meets the design requirements of field operation of corn harvester.