中国碳交易市场减排绩效的实证研究

An Empirical Study on Emission Reduction Performance of China’s Carbon Trading Market

降低温室气体排放是建立碳市场的主要目标之一。目前我国碳市场建立与试点地区的碳排放量之间关联不大,但能够降低试点地区的碳排放强度。因此,我国在碳市场发展初期应采取以自愿减排为主,强制减排为辅的减排方式,发挥重点行业在节能减排中的带动作用;在碳市场发展中期,减排市场应由政府引导转变为市场主导,逐渐过渡到以拍卖分配方式为主的、公平高效的市场化碳排放权分配制度;在碳市场发展成熟期,要形成以市场为主导的价格机制,构建完善的风险监管机制。

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions is one of the main goals of establishing a carbon market. At present,the establishment of the carbon market has little correlation with the carbon emissions of the pilot areas,but it can reduce the carbon emission intensity of the pilot areas. Therefore,in the early stage of the carbon market development,voluntary emission reductions should be adopted supplemented by compulsory emission reductions.It is necessary to give full play to the key industries in energy conservation and emission reduction. In the midterm development of the carbon market,the emission reduction market should be transformed from government-led market into market-led market,and gradually transitioned to a fair and efficient market-based carbon emission rights allocation system based on auction distribution. In the mature period of the carbon market,a marketled price mechanism must be set up and a sound risk supervision mechanism should be established.