西方童年哲学研究最新进展及其教育学意义

The Development of Philosophy of Childhood and Its Educational Value

童年哲学作为一门学科在国际上发展已有四十余年的时间。目前童年哲学正处于快速发展期,是一个有核心主题,但边界较为模糊,有着很大开放性的研究领域。研究者从哲学的视域对于童年理论作出了批判性反思与创造性阐释,如对童年缺陷论、社会-文化的童年理论等进行反思,从时间的本体论与"生成儿童"等思想来重塑童年观,主张发现儿童身上所隐藏的诸多能力,探究童年的内在与外在价值,并重构儿童与成人间的关系等。这些研究对于当前教育学领域潜藏的童年理论有着较大的挑战,有助于教育领域对童年本质与价值的理解、对教育目的的定位、对师生关系的理解等进行反思。

As a discipline,philosophy of childhood,which has developed for almost 40 years and become a burgeoning field of study now,is a research field with its core theme,but at the same time,its boundary is relatively vague and has a lot of openness.The researchers concentrates on the critical reflection and creative interpretation of the theory of childhood,such as the reflection on the theory of"childhood as deficiency",the support of aiónic child and subject-in-process,the discovery of the hidden abilities of children,the exploration of the internal and external values of childhood,and the reconstruction of the relationship between children and adults.These findings will help us to reflect on the understandings of the nature and value of childhood,the purpose of education,and also the relationship between teachers and students in the field of education.