干水及其在灭火材料中的应用研究进展

Dry water——a new type of green and efficient fire extinguishing material

介绍了干水的概念、形成机理,综述了干水灭火材料的灭火机理、研究现状以及尚待解决的问题,并对干水灭火材料未来的研究方向进行了展望。干水是一种疏水固体粒子稳定的微水滴材料,其含水率高达90%以上,但外观为流动性良好的固体细粉。干水灭火材料的灭火效率高于干粉(ABC)灭火剂和细水雾。与普通水相比,干水灭火材料中的水被束缚在固体壳体内,能显著地降低灭火时的水渍损失和二次污染。与含添加剂的细水雾相比,干水灭火材料的腐蚀性降低,耐低温性能提高。与干粉灭火剂相比,含添加剂的干水灭火材料除了具有化学灭火作用外,还具有较强的物理冷却作用。在阐明干水灭火材料的形成机制和灭火机理的基础上,优化干水灭火材料的制备工艺,开发同时具有水和干粉灭火剂的优点、而在一定程度上克服其各自缺点的新型干水灭火材料,具有重要的理论意义和广阔的应用前景。

Dry water and the recent progress in dry water fire extinguishing materials were reviewed,and introduced their fire extinguishing mechanism,and the problems to be solved,in an attempt to make people understand this new type of green and efficient fire extinguishing materials with great application potential.Dry water is a kind of stable gas-enveloped water structure with hydrophobic solid particles as stabilizers.The water content of dry waters can be as high as 90%,but their appearance is fine powders with good fluidity.The extinguishing efficiency of dry water is higher than ABC extinguishing powders and fine water mist.Compared with ordinary water,water in dry water fire is confined in solid shell,which can significantly reduce water damage and secondary pollution during firefighting.Compared with fine water mist containing additives,dry water has lower corrosivity and higher resistance to low temperature.Compared with extinguishing powders,dry water with additives has strong physical cooling effect as well as chemical fire extinguishing effect.In the future work,it is necessary to clarify the formation mechanism and extinguishing mechanism of dry water and optimized the preparation process of dry water extinguishing materials.Dry water have the advantages of both water and dry powder,and overcome their disadvantages to some extent,which will have important theoretical significance and broad application prospects.