醋酸格拉默治疗中枢神经系统疾病的研究进展

Progress on glatiramer acetate for treatment of central nervous system diseases

醋酸格拉默是美国食品药品管理局(FDA)批准用于治疗复发–缓解型多发性硬化的药物,能调节先天性和适应性免疫调节系统,包括树突状细胞、单核细胞、B细胞和T调节细胞,从而中断多发性硬化的发病过程。研究表明醋酸格拉默诱导的免疫细胞可以进入炎症部位释放抗炎因子,缓解病理过程。除此之外,醋酸格拉默还具有神经保护作用,包括促进神经营养因子的释放,促进髓鞘再生,同时醋酸格拉默在阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、抑郁症等动物模型上也证实了它的有效性。就醋酸格拉默作用机制及其在中枢神经系统自身免疫疾病、退行性疾病中的作用进行综述。

Glatiramer acetate is a Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved drug for treatment of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis, which modulates the innate and adaptive immune system, including dendritic cells, monocytes, B cells, and T cells, to interrupt the progression of multiple sclerosis. It has been reported that glatiramer acetate-induced immune cells can enter the site of inflammation and release anti-inflammatory factors, alleviating the pathological process. In addition, glatiramer acetate also has neuroprotective effects, including the release of neurotrophic factors and the regeneration of myelin. Besides this, glatiramer acetate promoted the immune-mediated neuroprotective response in several models of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and depression. This article is aimed at reviewing the mechanism of glatiramer acetate and its role in CNS autoimmune diseases and degenerative diseases.