黔东南州禽蛋中24种兽药残留的风险评估

Risk assessment of 24 kinds of veterinary drugs residue in the poultry eggs of Qiandongnan prefecture

目的对黔东南州禽蛋中兽药残留水平进行测定和风险分析。方法随机采集黔东南州16个市县养殖大户、家庭农场、专业合作社、企业禽蛋共100批次,通过超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测禽蛋中7类共24种兽药的残留水平,并采用食品安全指数(international food safety indexes,IFS)对兽药残留进行风险评估。结果甲硝唑、磺胺喹恶啉、氟苯尼考、氧氟沙星、恩诺沙星在禽蛋样品中检出,检出率为7.00%,残留浓度为0.45~55.72μg/kg,食品安全指数范围为7.23×10^(-2)~47.36,除1份检出磺胺喹噁啉样品小于1,其余检出兽药的食品安全指数均大于1。结论黔东南州禽蛋产品中四环素类、大环内酯类、林可胺类、磺胺类、氟苯尼考类药物残留对人体的潜在危害水平在可接受范围内不会对人体产生危害,而甲硝唑、氟苯尼考、氧氟沙星、恩诺沙星残留风险现状不容乐观,此类药物的相关监控必须加强。

Objective To determine and analyze the residue level of 24 kinds of veterinary drugs in poulter eggs of Qiandong nan prefecture.Methods A total of 100 batchs of poulter eggs were collected from large breeding,family farms,professional cooperatives,enterprises in 16 regions of Qiandong nan prefectur,ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)was used for determination of residues of 24 kinds of veterinary drugs(7 types)in samples collected.International food safety indexes(IFS)was used to assess the risk of veterinary drug residues.Results Sulfaquinoxoline,florfenico,ofloxacin,enrofloxacin were detected in samples.The detection rate was 7.00%and the veterinary drugs residues ranged from 0.45-55.72μg/kg.The IFS level ranged from 7.23×10^(-2)-47.36.Except one sample of sulfaquinoxaline was less than 1,the international foundation for science of other veterinary drugs was more than 1.Conclusion Tetracyclines,macrolides,lincomides,sulfonamides and flufenicol residues in poultry egg products in Guizhou Qiandong nan prefecture is acceotable,and it is not harmful to human body.Relevant departments should pay attention to strengthen the monitoring of metronidazole,florfenicol,ofloxacin,norfloxacin residues in poultry egg products.