苯-水混合液体的乳化机理研究

STUDY ON EMULSIFICATION MECHANISM OF BENZENE AND WATER MIXTURE

以研究液体混合材料的冲击压缩状态方程和高温高压条件下的相变机理为最终目标 ,测量了在常态下苯 水 乳化剂三元样品均匀混合的表面张力、稳定性和粒度分布等量化指标 ,并讨论了不同制备方法对乳状液性质的影响。实验数据表明 ,苯 水 乳化液属于热力学不稳定体系 ;表面张力介于苯和水的张力之间 ,但不等于二者的简单平均 ,这与文献值一致 ;苯 水 乳液的制备、存储和使用环境温度不易超过 5 3℃ ;用超声波处理后的乳液粒度分布区域变窄 ,但平均粒度变化不明显。本研究为解决液体混合物、特别是难于互溶的多元液体物质爆轰实验样品初始状态的量化难题提供了可靠的数据 ,对类似实验的制样也具有参考价值。

With the final objective of developing shock-compression equation and phase-transition mechanism for mixed liquid material under extreme condition,such as high temperature and high pressure,several parameters,for instance,surface tension,stability and granularity distribution in benzene-water-emulsion three-body uniform mixture were measured at normal conditions.Experiments show that mixture liquid belongs to an unstable thermodynamic system.Surface tension is between that of benzene and water,and is not equal to their mean,which agrees with those references.The suitable circumstance temperature for preparation,storage and employing of the emulsified mixture is under 53 ℃.Moreover,the granularity distribution of the mixture liquid is narrowed after treatment by ultrasonic wave pulverizer,but its average diameter nearly unchanged.To solve the quantificational problem of liquid mixture in the initial state of the samples for detonation experiment,especially for multiple element solution which are difficult to dissolve reciprocally,the experiment results presented here provide some reliable data and the conclusions are valuable for preparing analogous experiment.