多群体解析高油花生籽仁含油量的遗传效应

Analysis of genetic effects for seed high oil content based on multi-population in peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)

为探讨高油花生品系农大D666含油量的遗传模式,以农大D666为中心亲本配置了4个杂交组合(DP、PD、SD、3D),同时利用农大D666的亲本丰花2号和Krapt.st.16配置了正、反交组合(FP、PF),以上述6个组合的F2群体为材料进行含油量的主基因+多基因遗传模型分析。结果表明,6个F2群体的含油量均存在广泛的变异和超亲现象,呈连续分布,符合数量性状遗传特征。DP和PD组合的亲本含油量差异较小,F2群体含油量均值较高,分别为54.29%和54.02%,变异系数较小,分别为3.38%和3.90%;SD和3D组合的亲本间含油量差异较大,F2群体含油量均值仅为52.66%和51.75%,变异系数分别是5.51%和6.24%;FP和PF组合的F2群体含油量均值分别为50.30%和51.52%,变异系数分别为6.30%与6.00%。6个群体的含油量分别符合3种遗传模型:DP和PD含油量符合无主基因遗传模型(0MG),受微效多基因控制;SD和3D符合2对主基因的加性-显性-上位性遗传模型(2MG-ADI),加性效应与显性效应均为正向调控,以加性效应为主,主基因遗传率分别为33.64%和37.80%,2个群体基因效应值相近,增效基因来自高油亲本;FP和PF符合2对主基因的等显性遗传模型(2MG-EAD),主基因遗传率分别为51.17%和63.56%,正、反交组合的遗传模式相同,表明含油量以细胞核遗传为主,加性效应均为正值,增效基因来自高油亲本。综合分析表明,农大D666含油量性状的超亲现象一方面是受其亲本Krapt.st.16的2个主效基因控制,另一方面存在多个微效基因的累加效应。

In order to investigate the genetic model of oil content in high-oil peanut line Nongda D666,four F2 populations(DP,PD,SD,3D)were constructed using Nongda D666 as the central parent.Meanwhile,using the parents of Nongda D666,Fenghua 2 and Krapt.st.16,two F2 populations of positive and reciprocal crosses(FP,PF)were constructed.The six F2 populations were used to analyze the main gene+polygene genetic model of oil content.Oil content in the six F2 populations had wide genetic variations and transgressive segregation,which showed a continuous distribution,consistented with the genetic distribution characteristics of quantitative traits.There was little difference in oil content between parents of DP or PD,and the mean oil content of F2 populations were higher,which were 54.29%and 54.02%,the coefficient variations(CV)were 3.38%and 3.90%,respectively.There was significant difference in oil content between parents of SD or 3D,the average oil contents of their F2 populations were only 52.66%and 51.75%,and their CV were 5.51%and 6.24%,respectively.The average oil contents of F2 populations in FP and PF were 50.30%and 51.52%,and CV were 6.30%and 6.00%,respectively.The six populations were in accordance with three genetic models.In DP and PD,the inheritance of oil content was fitting none major gene model(0MG),and was controlled by polygenes.In SD and 3D,it fitted the two major gene model with additive-dominant-epistatic effect(2MG-ADI),both additive and dominant effects were positively regulated,and additive effect was dominant.The heritabilities of major genes was 33.64%and 37.80%,respectively.The gene effect values in the two populations were similar,and the synergistic genes were inherited from the high oil parent.In FP and PF,inheritance of oil content fitted two major genes model with equal dominant effect(2MG-EAD),and the heritabilities of the major genes were 51.17%and 63.56%,respectively.The inheritance pattern of the positive and reverse crossing combination was the same,indicating that the oil content is dominated by nuclear inheritance,the additive effect is positive,and the synergistic genes were inherited from the high oil parent.Comprehensive analysis showed that the transgressive inheritance of oil content in Nongda D666 was controlled by two major genes inherited from Krapt.St.16 and polygenes with additive genetic effects.