碳达峰、碳中和对我国煤炭工业发展的影响及对策

The impact of carbon peak and carbon neutrality on the development of China’s coal industry and its countermeasures

全球气候变化是人类社会面临的共同挑战,碳达峰、碳中和将加快世界能源低碳化发展步伐,包括煤炭在内的化石能源消费将收到严格控制,我国煤炭工业发展必将受到重大影响。立足全球视野,重点梳理世界碳排放形势、主要国家碳中和行动计划和世界能源低碳化发展情景。从煤炭地位、煤炭生产集中度、煤炭生产方式、煤炭消费和煤炭原料化应用5个方面定量分析了碳达峰、碳中和对我国煤炭工业的影响。结合煤炭开发利用的全生命周期,提出煤炭低碳化发展7项对策措施:强化源头治理、推进煤矿能源节约、优化煤矿用能方式、强化矿区生态修复和绿化、提升煤炭转化效率、拓展煤炭原料化利用领域以及实施碳捕捉、利用和封存行动计划。

Global climate change is a common challenge facing human society. Carbon neutrality will speed up the world’s low-carbon energy development. The consumption of fossil energy including coal will be strictly controlled, and the development of China’ s coal industry will inevitably be greatly affected. Based on a global perspective, this article focuses on combing the world’s carbon emissions situation, major national carbon neutral action plans, and world energy low-carbon development scenarios. The impact of carbon peak and carbon neutrality on China’s coal industry was analyzed quantitatively from five aspects: coal status, coal production concentration, coal production method, coal consumption and coal raw material application. Combining the entire life cycle of coal development and utilization, seven countermeasures for low-carbon development of coal are proposed: Strengthening source governance, promote coal mine energy conservation, optimizing coal mine energy usage, strengthen ecological restoration and greening in mining areas, improving coal conversion efficiency, expanding coal raw material utilization, and implementing carbon capture, utilization, and storage action plans.