检波器性能参数现场测定方法

An approach of sensor parameters measuring in field

检波器的性能参数对于确保地震数据接收质量具有重要作用。受限于现阶段相关技术与装备因素,实际在用的大量检波器的性能参数无法及时检测或仅能测试部分指标。为此,从信号与(地震检波)系统的角度出发,认为陆上地震勘探激发的高速地震波在地表极小面积(如1m×1m)范围内的振动特性具有高度一致性,布设在该范围内的多个检波器可视为拥有一个统一的输入(机械属性);在统一输入的激励下,不同性能参数的检波系统(机电属性)可输出不同时频特征的数据(电属性)。根据输出数据的特征,可反演出检波系统具有重要数据意义的部分参数,包括灵敏度、最低可靠频率、允差及综合一致性等。通过对以上性能指标的大规模现场快速测试、评定,可确保地震接收数据质量,同时为新型检波器的研制提供一种便捷、廉价的测试方法,缩短研发进程。

From the viewpoint of signal and system,high-speed seismic waves shot by dynamite offer a very coincident input to the system designed specifically,an array of sensors spaced approximate 20 cm and located within an area of 1 m×1 m.Different outputs characterize different properties of the sensors.By analyzing the output data,some parameters of the sensors,such as sensitivity,ultralow-frequency distortion and tolerance,could be evaluated.This paper describes the basic principles and practical application of the above idea,and proposes two new concepts(Lowest Faithful Frequency and General Consistency)to analyze the recording ability for low-frequency and general reliability of some sensors,both of which are significant to imaging subsurface media,and concludes that the performance of the sensors is more quantified and complete.The method,termed Micro Box Wave Test,can be applied in two scenarios:to quickly find unqualified sensors before large-scale field acquisition,and to calibrate the parameters of new sensors in field.