不同处理工艺对转向架横梁模拟箱体焊接残余应力的影响

Influence of different treatment processes on the welding residual stress of the simulated box body of the bogie crossbeam

采用不同的处理工艺对转向架横梁模拟箱体对接接头进行处理,并采用X射线衍射法测量处理后的对接接头残余应力,对比了不同处理工艺条件下模拟箱体某条焊缝的残余应力。结果表明:整体热处理、局部热处理和风铲振动冲击均可改善模拟箱体焊接接头的残余应力。风铲振动冲击可以使模拟箱体接头焊缝区及焊趾部位表面形成一层残余压应力;局部热处理可以改善模拟箱体接头焊后残余应力,拉应力峰值可降低约33%;而整体热处理对模拟箱体接头焊后残余应力的改善效果优于局部热处理,拉应力峰值可以降低约65%。

Different processing techniques were used to process the welded joints of the bogie beam simulation box body.The residual stress of the treated butt joints was measured by X-ray diffraction method.The residual stresses of the simulated box body weld 7 under different processing conditions were compared.The results show that the overall heat treatment,local heat treatment and wind shovel vibration and impact can all relieve the residual stress of the welded joint of the simulated box body.The vibration and impact of the wind shovel can form a layer of residual compressive stress on the surface of the weld area and weld toe of the simulated box body joints.Local heat treatment can improve the residual stress of simulated box body joints after welding,and the peak tensile stress can be reduced by about 33%.However,the overall heat treatment has better improvement effect on the residual stress of simulated box body joints after welding than local heat treatment,and the peak tensile stress can be reduced by about 65%.