2000年以来西南低涡的研究进展

Research progresses of the southwest vortex since 2000

西南低涡是形成于我国青藏高原东南侧的一种α中尺度涡旋,是导致中国夏半年暴雨的主要天气系统之一。文中简要回顾了2000年以来有关西南低涡的最新研究成果,主要包括西南低涡的人工智能识别、西南低涡频数的长期变化及其气候学特征、西南低涡的集合预报、双核西南低涡的首次发现等。在此基础上,归纳出该研究领域需要深入探讨的若干问题,包括西南低涡频数变化的外强迫因素,青藏高原特殊地形导致的地形Rossby波、重力波与西南低涡之间的相互关系,双核西南低涡的形成机制以及双核西南低涡与经典西南低涡形成机制的差异等。

The southwest vortex is a meso-α-scale vortex formed on the southeast side of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China.It is one of the main weather systems that cause heavy rainfall in summer half year in China.This paper briefly reviews the latest research results of the southwest vortex since 2000,mainly including the artificial intelligence recognition of the southwest vortex,the long-term variation and climatological characteristics of the frequency of the southwest vortex,the ensemble forecast of the southwest vortex,and the first discovery of the binary southwest vortex.On this basis,some issues that need to be further discussed in this research field are summarized,including the external forcing factors related to the frequency variation of the southwest vortex,the relationship between the topographic Rossby wave,gravity wave and the southwest vortex caused by the special topography of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the formation mechanism of the binary southwest vortex,and the difference of formation mechanism between of the binary southwest vortex and the classic southwest vortex.southwest vortex.